The Tomaszewski Family Tree Witucki Branch

We originally posted the Tomaszewski Family Tree as a single webpage that grew to contain over 200 printed pages. At that point we decided to restructure the page because it was getting out of hand and taking much too long to download. Part of the results from that effort follow. Should you find errors or omissions, you can still refer to the original webpage.

Please Note: Throughout this genealogy a left handed prefix (1234_____) is a birth; a right handed prefix (_____1234) is a reference from a later relationship event (typically marriage). All references are bolded, and equal numbered left and right handed references (or just plain references - 1234 ) are always the same person. Use your browser's Find button to follow a lineage using the reference numbers (or follow the links on some individuals for pictures, or lines). Scroll to the bottom of the page for links to other family tree branches.

4090_____: Vincent Witucki. Date and place of birth unknown (issue of unknown ). Married Stanslawa Bucholtz ( 4091 ). Assumed deceased, date and place unknown.

_____4090: Vincent Witucki. Date and place of birth unknown (issue of unknown ). Married Stanslawa Bucholtz ( 4091 ). Assumed deceased, date and place unknown.
_____4091: Stanslawa Bucholtz. Date and place of birth unknown (issue of unknown ). Married Vincent Witucki ( 4090 ). Assumed deceased, date and place unknown.
4092_____: Francis Frank Witucki. Born Mar 28, 1884 (issue of 4091 ) at South Bend, IN. Married Lottie Tobolski ( 4083 ) on Nov 10, 1908 at St. Hedwig, South Bend, IN. Assumed deceased, date and place unknown.

_____4092: Francis Frank Witucki. Born Mar 28, 1884 (issue of 4091 ) at South Bend, IN. Married Lottie Tobolski ( 4083 ) on Nov 10, 1908 at St. Hedwig, South Bend, IN. Assumed deceased, date and place unknown.
_____4083: Lottie Tobolski. Born Nov 27, 1885 (issue of 1045 ) at South Bend, IN. Married Francis Frank Witucki ( 4092 ) on Nov 10, 1908 at St. Hedwig, South Bend, IN. Died Feb 8, 1971 at South Bend, IN.
4093_____: Loretta Witucki. Date of birth unknown (issue of 4083 ) at South Bend, IN. Married unknown ( unknown ). Assumed deceased, date and place unknown.
4094_____: Alvina Witucki. Date of birth unknown (issue of 4083 ) at South Bend, IN. Married unknown ( unknown ). Assumed deceased, date and place unknown.
4095_____: Frank Witucki. Date of birth unknown (issue of 4083 ) at South Bend, IN. Married unknown ( unknown ). Assumed deceased, date and place unknown.
4096_____: Edward Witucki. Born Sep 24, 1910 (issue of 4083 ) at South Bend, IN. Married unknown ( unknown ). Died Oct 14, 1955 at South Bend, IN.
4097_____: Gladys A Witucki. Born Jan 21, 1912 (issue of 4083 ) at South Bend, IN. Married Raymond M Kyle ( 4099 ) on Jan 16, 1943 in St. Joseph Co, IN. Married Julius Rems ( 4100 ) in 1957 in St. Joseph Co, IN. Died Jun 20, 2000 at South Bend, IN.
4098_____: Ernst A Witucki. Born Apr 7, 1913 (issue of 4083 ) at South Bend, IN. Married Mary T Kopczynski ( 4101 ) on Dec 27, 1941 in St. Joseph Co, IN. Died Sep 20, 1981 at South Bend, IN.

The Tomaszewski Family Tree contains the following branches

Abraham Acie Ackerley Adamchuk Adams Adle Akins Alden Aldrich Allard Allen Almy Alsdorf Amonson Amos Anderson Anderson-Taylor Andrews Anguille Apollo Arcand Arel Arlt Arredondo Atchison (Rose) Atkinson Atwood Aucoin Austin Avery Ayotte Ayres Azbell Babcock Badge Bailey Baillargeon Bais Baker Baldwin Bancken Barauskus Barkhuff Barnes Barnsley Barrett Barron Bartlett Bartos Bartosiak Bass Baumberger Bean Beard Beaudoin Beaver Bedard Belanger Bell Bellows Benjamin Bennett Benoit Berg Bergeron Bernard Bernier Berry Bier Billings Birdsey Birge Birky Birmingham Bishop Bissell Blackmon Blair Blake Blanchard Blanchet Bland Blankertz Bliss Blodgett Bond Bonneux Boorstein Borkowski Borowiak Borowski Borrodell Boucher Bourgeois (Bourgois) Bourne Bower Bowers Boyd Boylston Bradley Braford Branstrom Breed Brennan Breugelmans Brewster Briden Brodowski Brooks Brow Brown (Browne) Browning Brugh Brumley Brunacini Brunner Buchanan Bucholtz Buczkowski Bujick Bullington Burden Burdick Burge Busch Butherus Butts Byrd Byrne Cagle Cain Callaghan Callahan Calvin Cameron Campbell Capen Carignan Carlson Caron Carpenter Carroll Cartier Casey Casler Cassidy Casterline Castle Castro Catanzarite Cavazza Celmer Chambers Chandler Chapin Charpentier Chesebrough Chilton Chipman Cholewinski Chouinard Christensen Christiansen Chudzicki Church Churchill Ciesielski Claas Clapp Clark (Clarke) Clifford Cloutier Cobb Coddington Coleman Collins Companion Constantineau Cook (Cooke) Cooper Cops Cormier Cote Cottrell Couturier Covert Cox Crago Cross Craft Craig

Crans (Krantz) Crepeau Crevet Crevier Crocker Crouch Cubbage Cubberley Cuper Curtiss Cybulski Czanstkowski Dabrowiak Daken Dakin Dalka Dally Dandonneau Danis Davidson Davis Davyes DeBeck De Ryke Decker Declerck DeGiano DeLeon Delong DeLugre Delwood Demerest Denison Dennis Dennison Denoyer Descoteaux Dewyse Dickmann Dienberg Dieringer Dionne Dix Dockeray Dolbeare Domingo Dominick Donaldson Donathen Donker Doria Dort Doty Doucet Drake Dresen (Dreesen) Dressel Driscoll Drow Drumm Du Bois Ducheney Dueweke Duffy Dugast DuHarnois Duleck Dunham Dunkle Dupont Dutil DuVivier Dyer Easman Edson Eggleston Ehlert Eichorst Elaschuk Elliott Ellis Ellsworth Elsner Emmons Eno Euphene Evans Fabry Fadely Farr Fast Faulkner Fellows Fennel Fenner Fenton Filer Fink Fiori Fischer Fish Fisher Fleming Ford Formas Forrest Foss Foster Fournier Fowler Fox Frainbes Francis Fravel French Freudenstein From (Fromm) Frost Fry Furman Fussell Gabel Gagnon Gale Gamelin Garcia Gardiner Gardner Gariepy Garman Garrigan Gates Gaudet Gauthier Gavgan Gebhard (Gebhardt) Geer Geisenhaver Gellup Gibson Gigas Giguere Gilbert Giles Gillett (Gylette) Gillman Ginter Girouard Glazier Godin Goodfellow Goodnow Goodrich Gordon Gotowka Gould Gowan Grabarski Graczyk Grant Graves Green Greer Grenier Griffin Griffiths Griswold Groleau Guillebourdeaux Guoin Gurczynski Guyon Guzicki Haas Hackleman Hain Hale Hall Hamel Hammerlind Hammond Hansen Hanson Harger Harrington Harris Hart

Hartman Hartshorn Harvey Haslanger Hatfield Havens Haverland Hayes Hayman Hayword Heagy Hebert Hegle Helsen Henderson Henry Herbert Hermanutz Herod Herrick Hertel Hestness Hetchler Hewitt Hickman Hicks Higley Hill Hilton Hippchen Hoag Hobbs Holcomb Holland Hollin Holmes Homeleski Hopewell Hopkins Horak Horn Horton Hoskins Howard Hubbard Huffman Hull Humphrey Hunnewell Hybold Hyde Hysell Ingalls Ingraham Inwood Jackson Jagier (Yager) Jakway James Jankowiak Janowczyk Janowski Jarrold Jaskowiak Jeffrey Jenkins Jensen Jerzykowski Jessup Johnson Jolliffe Jones Judd Julkowski Kadare Kaley Kaminski Kapsa Kasdorf Kaul Kelley Kelush Kennedy Kent Kenyon King Kinsman Kirkpatrick Kish Klawitter Klaybor Knight Knowles Koehler Kolb Kolesiak Kominenovic Korb Korson Krafka Krantz Kruk Kucharski Kuchenmeister Kuczwara Kulow Kumbruck Kurc Kurtzhalz Labonte Labuzienski LaConte Lacroix Lacross Lafferty LaFond Laforest Lamb Lambert Lancaster Landers Landry Langdon LaPlante Laramee (LaramŽ) Larkin LaSalle Laskowski Lavanture Lay LeBlanc Leclerc Lefebvre Lemanski Le Mere Lemire Lemp Leonard Le Sann Lesinska Lester LeTourneau Leunen Lewis Lince Lindley Lines Ling Link Lisek Litchfield Litzenberger-Cardella Long Loomis Lord Losievski Lovato Ludden Luna Lunz Luzney (Luzny) McAvoy McClusky McCown McCoy McCuistion McGuire McIntyre McKenzie McMillan McNally McNaughton McPhail McSweeny Mc Torrance MacDonald MacKenzie Mac Lennan MacMillian Maine Mair Manseau Marble Marcot Marguerie Marok Marsh Marsiglia Martin Mason Maternowski Mathieu Maugras Maurice Maxheimer Maxson Maxwell Mayer

Maynard Meagher Melanson Mellott Melotti Messenger Michell Millard Miller (Mueller) Mills Miner Minervini Mitchell Mocherman Mockler Moe Molitor Moment Mongeau Monks Montgomery Mooney Moore Morgan Morin Morphew Morse Mort Mortier Morton Moseley Mosier Mossner Moultin Mounce Mucha Mullins Mumford Mumper Murphy Murray Myroniuk Nault Nelson Nickerson Niemier Nienstedt Niezgodzki Niles Noblesse Norris O'Brien Oberg O'Day O'Donnell Officer Ogniszak O'Neil Opahle Opassik Orwell Osborne (Osborn) Osguthorpe Owen Owens Oxley Pabodie Paczesny Paine Pajot Palmer Paquin Parlmer Parrot-dit-Gris Parrott Pasierb Paskiet Patalano Pattee Patterson Paul Pauquette Payne Peabody Pellerin Pemberton Pendleton Perrault Perron Perry Peterson Petres Petrus Phelps Phillips Philpott Piechocki Pilarski Pinard Plamondon Pletcher Plourde Poitevin Popilek Poplawski Porter Posch Powers Precourt PreFontaine Prentice Priebe Priest Proulx Provencher Provenzano Przybysz Quincy Rabel Rajder Rajski Ramsey Randall Ranger Ransom Rau Ray Reaume Reber Regling Rembowski Remington Renou Replogle Reyburn Reynolds Rice Richard Riley Riska Rittersdorf Rize Robakowski Robbins Roberts Robertson Robin Robinson Rochester Rogers Roney Rose Rosell Rosengarten Ross Rouse Rowen Roy Ruffet Russ Russman Rydahl Sailors St-Charles St. Germain St. Hillaire St. John Salem Sanders Satterlee Sawatsky Saxton Schaub Schneider Schooley Schopieray Schork Schrandt Schuiling Schultz Scott Scram Scribner

Seabury Senecal Serdons Service Shafer Shapka Shaw Shedd Sheneman Shepard Sherman Sherry Sherwood Shick Short Siegner Sieracki Simmons Simons Simpson Sisson Six Sluss Smallwood Smith Snow Snyder Sochocki Sojka Southworth Spangler Spears Spencer Sprague Squire Stachnik Stachowski Stanton Stark Starn Staszewski Stearns Steckman Steele Steffens Steimel Steinke Stevens Stevenson Stillson Stinman Stone Storm Stow Stowe Stranigan Stratton Streeter Strickland Strong Stuckey Sturdy Swan Sweebe Swift Switzer Szczechowski Talcott Tarragon Taylor Tedesco Tessier Thayer Theroux Thiessen Thomas Thompson Thomsen Thomson Thurston Thys Tobolski Tomaszak (Tomshock) Tomaszewski Tonkin Torrance Totten Toutant Trahan Tran Traver Travis Tremaine Triglar Tropea Troyer Trump Tryon Turner Tyckoski Tyrell Ullery Urbanski Valley Vallie Valpatic Van Aelst Van Horn Vanderheyden Vanderpool Vanderstraeten VanDriessche Varnado Varney Verdonck Vert Vinkenroye Viron Visava Vitale Voice (Voyce {Foys}) Wahl Wainwright Walker Wallin Walling Walters Wamsley Ward Warden Warren Waters Watkins Watte Webb Webber Weber Welch Wells Welzbacher Wenger Wernette West Westegard Wetheral Whaley Wheeler White Wick Wicoff Wightmore Wilcox Wiley Wilkie Williams Willing Willis Wilson Winchell Winicki (Winnicki) Wise Witkowski Wittrien Witucki Wladkowski Wolfe Wolfgram Wolkiewicz Woloszyn Wood Woodbury Woodward Woodworth Woznicki Wroblewski Yanish Yerke York Young Zabel Zane Zeits

Look thru our Unknowns, and see if you can help us fill in some missing details, or check out our many branches waiting to move to their own family page containing information on

Aasland Abrahamsz Adamska Adamski Addison Albanese Alexander Alford Allgar Almashie Alpers Ambrose Amore Ance Angier Anslinger Anspaugh Arnaud Arndt Arthur Ashford Aston Astwood Atchison Aubaboch Avrard Ayers Aymard Babatz Backshall Baczkiewicz Badayac-LaPlante Baierlipp Ball Ballard Banes Banicki Banks Bardwell Baril Barnard Barnett Barnhart Basiret Bates Batsleer Batt Baurs Baxter Beach Beasecker Beaubin Beauchemin Beck Belcher Belfils Bender Benz Berger Bergman Berkey Bernard Berthold Bessler Betzner Beuret Bidwell Bielanska Bills Birchard Bird Birdsell Black Blacken Blackmore Blakeman Boatwright Bober Bodayac Bogts Boguhia Boguria Bohin Bohr Bohr Boisvert Boland Borlick Booher Boone Boonen Borchardt Borden Bostic Boulet Bourlier Boutillet Bowen Bowsher Bozarth Bradford Braman Brandeberry Brandies Bricker Briere Broadman Brock Brockett Brockus Brothers Brott Bruen Brun Brunaud Brunelle Bruns Bryan Bryden Budd Buffhan Bujeker Bull Bunsee Burkhart Burnell Burr Burrows Bushnell Bussey Bussiere Butavond Cach Cady Caeser Cajolet Calaway Calef Calvert Canal Capiello Cary Carlens Carr Carver Cecere Chaffee Chaille Chalcraft Champeau Chapdelaine Chapdeleine Charbonneau Chartier Chevrefils Childs Christophers Choate Clarkson Chlebek Coates Cochran Coggins Cohick Coleson Collier Collin Colling Coloney Commerford Connelly Conner Connolly Conroy Contreas Copley Corey Coryn Couillard Counterman Courbert Courtenay Cowen Cowing Coyer Creech Crew Crews Crosby Crouch Crowder Cubberley Cudney Cummings Curtin Curtis Cusson

Dame Damon Danek Dany Daufin Dauphin Daussy Davey Davie Day Dayball Deado Dean DeBarnardi Dee Deforce DeFreeuw Deguitre Delahanty Delano Demarest DeMerlin Demianowicz Demski Derna DeRos Derstine Deschesnes Desfosses Desloges DesMarais Des Portes d'Estrade Destroismaisons DeThauvanet Detouche Dewey de Windt DeZocieur (Sizer) Dickhaus Dill Dillar Dingley Dinsmore Dodge Doherty Dolan Dongoski Dovell Drajier Drews Dropping Du Charme Dudzinski Du Melle Duncan Dunning Dupree Duquesne Dussault Dusseau Duvall Dwyer Dye Eddleman Edwards Egan Ellison Elwood Emeref Enard England Ensign Ensley Ernest Esberg Everill Everetts Fabin Falda Fanning Faunce Fenske Ferguson Ferner Ferraro Fewins Fields Fielstra Finkbeiner Finkbeiner Firehammer Firman Fisher Fisk Flees Flemming Flores Flud Fogwill Folkersma Folz Fouch Fourier Fowler Franklin Frazar Frazier Frear Freeman Frerot Frink Frolich Froman Frontigny Frye Frymire Furlong Gabb Gabourie Gadacz Gadiou Gagne Galligan Galusha Garber Gariepy Garner Gasaway Gaudin Gaudry Gaulin Gavitt Gaylord Gellness Gendreau Geyer Gielen Gierke Giger Ginido (Ginnedo) Goble Godard Goldy Goodale Goodman Gorham Goroczewski Gorzkiewicz Gozdziewicz Graczyk Gray Greenfield Gregory Grenier Grigorior Grinell Grozenski Grzegorzewski Guay Gunia Gruber Guilbeault Guiou Gutierrez Haberfellner Hackenburg Hagen Haggett Hagman Haig Haight Hallett Hand Handley Hannah Harden Harel Harman Harrod Harwood Hatch Hatchel Hatheway Hawkins Hayden Hazard Headley Hellen Hellman Herman Herrin Hershberger Hetzer Hickey Higgins High Hilverda Himmel Hinckley Hiramoto Hitchcock Hobart Hobrat

Hodges Hoffman Hoflich Holden Hollander Holley Hollinger Holloway Holman Holton Homley Honnoll Hooper Hoppes Hostetler Houde Houlton Howe Howes Hudson Huet Hurlbut Hutchings Hutchins Hutchinson Hutton Irish Irving Isabelle Isnard Itzenhuiser Iverson Ivory Jackman Jacobs Jacques Jan Jankowski Janowiak Jansen Janssens Jimenezrivera Jobidon Jobin John Johns Johnston Jordan Jouka Journe Joyelle Juneau Juwa Kabot Kanarek Kappler Karlowich Katamoja Kaufman Kaye Kcota Kehl Keilor Keller Kelly Kemery Kibbe Kilchenmann Kirt Kissane Kittinger Klahr Klingle Klingaman Koch Kocsis Koenhinger Koenig Kohl Kolarik Kopczynski Kopf Kopsie Koscuiszko Koselke Kostin Kosmatka Kratochvil Krczewski Krehbeil Kubiak Kujawski Kulinski Kunz Kwasneski Kyle LaBerge Labrie LaCasse Lacerte Lachmann Lacy Laforce Laisne Landers Lamie Langlois Langthorn Lankin Lanthier Larson LaRue Laskiwska Laskowski Lathrop Laughlin Laughman Laure LaVasseur Lavesdure Lawson Lawton LeBrum Lechner Ledford Lee Leids Leigh Lemarche Lemay LeMercier Lenere Le Normand Lensert Levasseur Lewark Ley Lincoln Lincourt Linguar Lingwood Lintott Litterman Little Locke Locsmondy Lofquist Loring Lovely Ludlow Lundwill Lusk Lynch Maaguin Machalinski Machin MacKinon Mackowiak MacFarlane Mac Mullan Madigan Maes Mahar Mahieu Mais Majewski Makarowicz Makielski Malboeuf Malm Manning Marie Marin Marketon Marlow Marshall Martini Martinson Massicot Masterson Maternowski Mayhew McClain McClintock McCord McDannold McDougall McDowell McKay McLoud McManus Mc Martin Mc Neely Mears Meixner Mellin Mendenhall Menendez Merchant Meredith Meriam Merrilat

Metz Meyers Michaud Mignault Mikolajczak Mikolyczik Miles Mills/Wells Minor Mishler Modeste-Crevier Molenaers Molenda Montambault Moosey Moral Morehouse Morey Morgan Morley Morlock Morrow Mott Mowry Mulhulland Munger Munroe Musary Mutz Naber Nadeau Naibor Nehring Neiviodomska Nellans Nemeczynski (Mimcinski) Neumann Newman Newton Niewiadomska Niguet Niquette Nirrio Normand Northage Norton Nourse Novakoski Nowacki Nye Nyikos O'Connell O'Rourke Oesterle Ogden Olejniczak Olmstead Omelchuk Oreley Osterman Otto Ouelette Ouellet Outred Pace see Paczesny Pack Paddock Palka Pallas Palosky Pantero Paradis Parker Parks Parris Parrish Parrot-dit-Guyon Pate Patrick Patten Pauli Paulus Paulussen Payette Pe (possibly Fe) Peckfelder Pelacoty Pelarski Pelky Pelletier Peraude Perhall Peripoli Perkins Peterson Petit Pettangill Pettis Phelps Phibbs Philbrook Philips Pierce Piergalski Pierson Pietersz Pike Pillen Pinkowski (Pinkowska) Pinzras Pitblado Pitman Pitt Pixley Plante Plummer Plymate Poirer Polinard Popa Popczewski Popilek Possey Pranger Preuss Price Prieur Proctor Proost Propper Purchase Putman Quack Quick Radecki Rakowski Ramage Ramsbey Ramsey Randomski Ranke Rantala Rapp Ratajczak Raymond Raynescroft Reed Regneault Remley Rems Richards Rinal Rinehart Ring Ritchot Robbards Robbins Rockensock Rockwood Roe Rollervile Romain Romsicki Root Ropp Rousseau Roubal Roubel Rozwarski Rubbert Ruggles Runnels Rusiecki Russell Ryckman Sadler St-Clair St-Jean Sale Salle Salm Salomon Sampson Sauer Sauwens Savil Savoy Sawyer Saxton Sayre Schaden Schatzeder Scheuer Schinzing Schleiden Schmidt Schmucker Schorn Schuler Schut Schweigert Seely Sehl

Seitz Semashkewich Send Serle Shaffer Shamel Shangle Sheeman Shepherd Sherriff Sherrod Shields Shoemaker Shull Shumach Shumaker Shurtleff Shrauben Sikora Silliman Skaar Skinner Slack Slemp Slesinski Sliba Slitz Smedley Snauble Sobczak Sokoloski Southworth Soos Sparks Spence Sperr Spooner Stafford Stanley Starr Stein Steinberg Stender Stephen Steumer Stock Stokes Stoll Stone Stormer Stouder Stoughton Strahm Strakewska Strauss Strickler Strutt Studley Sturges Stypula Suinover Summers Swantek Swartz Sweet Switek Sylvestre Szabo Szamecki Szczechowski Szczepanski Szulczewski Szybowicz Szymanowski Szypelski Tanguay Tanguay Tank Tappan Tarble Tardif Terpening Terpenning Tetrnmous Thayer Thead Therese Thibodeau Thies Thomassey Thornton Tidey Tilligem Tillman Tisch Tolkacz Tomaszewska Tomson Touchersine Towbridge Tramontin Tranchemontagne Treadway Trefry Tremain Trevilet Trinka Truax Tucker Tuttle Twardy Tyndall Tyson Ufford Unk Utter Vallee Valliere Vancise VanderVeen VanderZwaag Vannon VanOrmelingen Vanslager Van Slyke van Steenstraten Vanusse VanWeldein Van Wormer Veronneau Verstay Vesselsky Vestch Vien View Vignari Villeneuve Visaya Vivier Volheim Vomhoff Wade Waite Wahl Waldren Waldron Wallace Walmer-Fernandez Walrath Warfield Warner Waryner Waslicki Waterbury Watson Weedman Weeke Weeks Weickes Weidonhamer Weisner Weld Welles Wendzonka Weycker Whatlock Wheldon Whitcomb Whitmarsh Wickson Wild Wilde Wilkes Willard Williams-Girard Winegardner Winowiecski Winship Winslow Winter Witt Witucki Wituski Wojtkowiak Wolf Woodard Woodin Woodmansee Wooley Wooten Workman Wright Wyckoff Wyman Wynaldo Wyse Yankowski Yockey Youngblood Zagorski Zarafonitis Zicolello Ziegler Ziesemer

or Take A Chance In Our Construction Zone and Check out our slowly growing Numerical Index

Should you discover we share a common ancestor, or if you can fill in some of our missing details, we would really appreciate receiving E-mail from you with the details, and if possible a URL where your researches are posted. This will allow us to add an appropriate link to join our family trees, making the work more interesting and useful to ourselves and to others. We will also be pleased to link to personal web pages or email addresses of anyone listed. Just let us know.

Several mathematical theorem indicate that each person on earth could demonstrate a direct link to any other randomly chosen person on earth using six to eight links, using a friend of a friend of a friend . . . type of connection. This suggests that four to nine more generations of genealogy are needed to make a similar connection between any two randomly choosen people on earth as relatives (I actually think the range must be one higher, but can't prove it yet).

Current date and time is Friday, 22-Nov-2024 20:42:19 EST and the Greenwich date and time is Saturday, 23-Nov-2024 01:42:19 GMT. You are viewing this page from: 3.23.103.216 and are visitor number 2950. This page was first published on 20 October 1998 and was last updated on Monday, 29-Feb-2016 17:31:22 EST.